Wednesday, July 31, 2019

The American Sign Language

The American Sign Language or ASL is a formal and structured means by which people are able to communicate. Like all other languages, the ASL also follows specific structures or guidelines that set how this particular system is used to communicate. Over the years, there had been various definitions presented framing what the ASL is all about, as mentioned by Harry Markowicz in his transcript. However, Markowicz strongly discloses how established and generalized definitions of the ASL are, in actuality, myths that should be debunked in order to give way to the formation of a clear and factual connotation of the ASL.In Markowicz’ transcript, he revealed six myths about the ASL, thoroughly discussing justifications as to why widely held beliefs and ideas about ASL or simply sign language are, most of the time, inaccurate and false. According to Markowicz, sign language is not a universal language which is utilized and understood by the deaf populations all over the world. Like al l other languages, ASL differs from other systems of sign languages in other countries, just as the English language differs from the German, French, Spanish, etc. languages in form and in structure.Another myth is the widely held belief that since language is based on the meaning of words or sentences expressed, the sign language is also based on the conveyance of words or sentences through gestures. Some other beliefs relate to the idea that the ASL is a translation or a transposition of the English language. However, the sign language does not work that way. Communication through sign language, or the ASL for that matter, is based on concepts or impressions that may be expressed singularly through gestures. (Markowicz, 1980)The third myth has something do with how people often undervalue the sign language as merely a system of language through arbitrary gestures diminishing its formal and systematic structure. Markowicz revealed how the sign language follows various rules that co nstitute a succession of concurrent body movements, facial expressions, gestures, etc. Another myth is how the sign language is regarded as simply iconic or graphic. However, Markowicz argued how considering the sign language as simply a visual means of communication does not justify the system’s purpose of facilitating communication for the deaf.He rationalized that if the sign language is truly and simply iconic or visual, then people without hearing problems would be able to understand the language. This means that the sign language is not merely a visual stimulus, but a succession of meaningful concepts that are conveyed through the process of communication. (Markowicz, 1980) The fifth myth limits the communicative process facilitated by the sign language. Many people believe that the sign language is only capably of transmitting concrete and discrete ideas, leaving out the abstract and conceptual ideas that are easily expressed through words.Markowicz discounts this view by proving how the ASL has formal signs or gestures for abstract ideas such as love, faith, and such. The last myth discussed by Markowicz again touches on the issue of the form and structure of the sign language. People overlook the structural aspect of the sign language by disregarding how it is formed under grammatical rules and expressions. Markowicz justified his position by stating examples on how a particular thought differentiated by various patterns of inflections may be expressed through sign language according to their correct word arrangements. (Markowicz, 1980)The aforementioned arguments and justifications of Markowicz may be further proven by looking into other research studies, discussions, or transcripts concerning the sign language. For instance, the research study conducted by Padden and Ramsey (2000) regarding the ability of deaf children to read textual data as it is related to methods and strategies of instruction, has revealed how the sign language is not uni versal and word-based. The results and conclusions obtained from the research study have revealed how the competencies of deaf students differ according to their culture, family, and school environment.This means that based on discrepancies or gaps concerning sign language competencies among deaf students, they may not be able to communicate effectively even through shared sign language. Moreover, this particular research study proves that the sign language is not word-based since deaf students who read texts do not express the ideas from the book through the exact words or sentences in the text, but through various concepts or whole ideas gained from reading them.(Padden & Ramsey, 2000) Moreover, this also means that if deaf children are able to translate written texts to concepts in sign languages, this means that sign language is not simply a representation of concrete ideas, but also complex abstract thoughts and ideas that originated from the thinking process involved in unders tanding, analyzing, and judging written texts. The discussion relayed by Bellugi and Klima (1975) also supports Markowicz’ arguments by revealing how the sign language is formed or structured, debunking myths of it being merely glorified gestures and ungrammatical.According to Bellugi and Klima, the signs or gestures are translated into notational representations that form a complete thought or idea which is distinguishable in the English language. In addition, for each word or though represented through signs or gestures, there are proper and exact portrayal of simultaneous movements as observed in the figures included in Beluggi and Klima’s discussions. (Bellugi & Klima, 1975) Liddell (1980) explored the grammatical structure of the sign language comprehensively by analyzing the syntactic components of the ASL alongside the English language.On the other hand, the research study of Pettito (2000) discredits the myth about the sign language as iconic, which means that communication through the sign language is simply visual in nature, eliminating the form, structure, the grammar, and the formal learning process behind it. According to Pettito, babies will not be able to exhibit the formal and structural nature of either signed or spoken language, unless they are exposed to sign language or spoken language within their immediate environment.(Pettito, 2000) This rationalization supports Markowicz assumptions that a child will not be able to fully understand the concept of milk, unless he is exposed to the nature or processes behind the word. (Markowicz, 1980) References Bellugi, U. & Klima, E. S. (1975). â€Å"Aspects of Sign Language and its Structure† In: Kavanagh, James F. ; Cutting, James E. (eds. ). The Role of Speech in Language. Cambridge: MIT Press [335 pp. ], pp. 171-203. Retrieved February 20, 2009, from http://old. lib. ucdavis. edu/access/reserv/courses/90334. pdf Liddell, S. K. (1980) American Sign Language Syntax.The Hague: Mou ton, [194 pp. ], pp. 10-23, 68-80. Retrieved February 20, 2009, from http://old. lib. ucdavis. edu/access/reserv/courses/90335. pdf Markowicz, H. (1980) â€Å"Myths about American Sign Language† In: Lane, Harlan; Grosjean, Francois (eds. ). Recent Perspectives on American Sign Language. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum, [170 pp. ], pp. 1-6. Retrieved February 20, 2009, from http://old. lib. ucdavis. edu/access/reserv/courses/90333. pdf Padden C. & Ramsey, C. (2000) â€Å"American Sign Language and Reading Ability in Deaf Children† In: Chamberlain, Charlene; Morford, Jill P. ; Mayberry, Rachel I.(eds. ). Language Acquisition by Eye. Mahwah, N. J. : Lawrence Erlbaum [276 p. ], pp. 165- 168, 177-189. Retrieved February 20, 2009, from http://old. lib. ucdavis. edu/access/reserv/courses/90337. pdf Petitto, L. A. (2000) â€Å"The Acquisition of Natural Signed Languages: Lessons in the Nature of Human Language and its Biological Foundations† In: Chamberlain, Charlene; Morford, J ill P. ; Mayberry, Rachel I. (eds. ). Language Acquisition by Eye. Mahwah, N. J. : Lawrence Erlbaum [276 p. ], pp. 41-50. Retrieved February 20, 2009, from http://old. lib. ucdavis. edu/access/reserv/courses/90336. pdf

Tuesday, July 30, 2019

Patterns and trends in health among society Essay

Gender Women’s life expectancy is higher than men; women typically live five years longer than men (Stretch and Whitehouse 2012. In 2002, life expectancy at birth for females born in UK was 81 years, compared with 76 years for males. This contrasts with 49 and 45 years respectively at the turn of the last century in 1901(Sikin, L undated). Another reason why women live longer could be because men tend to smoke and drink more alcohol than women in general. Men also take more risk than women; Women have less chance in getting cardiovascular disease, like heart attack and stroke. Women usually develop these problems usually in their 70s and 80s, about 10 years later than men, who develop them in their 50s and 60s (Blue, L 2008). Another reason why women live longer could be because men in their late teens and 20s go through something called ‘’testosterone’’ (Blue, L 2008). Testosterone is when the level of hormones is high and changeable, this can create dangerous behaviors. For e.g. they may not wear seatbelts; they drink alcohol and they can become aggressive. These kinds of behaviors can lead to higher death rates for males. Men also take risk more than women; expert claims that men take more risk, making them twice as adventurous and carefree than female. However in 2011 bps state that woman often takes more risk than men. Psychological Science – a journal of the Association for Psychological Science – has shown the reality of what type of person is prone to taking chances is more complicated than first thought. The study found that despite stereotypes, females sometimes take more risks than men and adolescents can be as  cool-headed as any other demographic. (3). they have found out that men are prone to financial gambles and women often take social risks. Another reason why women life expectancy is higher because men tend to do dangerous sports such as rugby, surfing, motorcycle racing and skiing. In 2002 statistic said that females born in the UK live up to 81 years, whereas males live up to 76 years. This contrast with 49 and 45 years respectively at the turn of the last century in 1901 (2). This is a table is from 2007-2009 about life expectancy in different parts of the UK. In the UK, males and females expect to spend more than 80 per cent of their lives in very good health or general health from birth. Falling to around 57 per cent at the age of 65 (1). In recent years males are taking care of their health more than females. However in today’s society it is believed that female’s health has improved more than males. Social class Statistic produced a biases picture. They believe that people in the lowest social class work in dangerous industries. This causes higher rates of illness. Therefore it is not the class but age and employment of people that causes high levels of illness and lower life expectancy. /http://www.statistics.gov.uk/cci/nugget.asp?id=1007 Ethnicity All ethnic minorities have higher rates of still births, perinatal moralities (death within 1 week), and neo-natal mortality (within 1 month). Ethnicity backgrounds tend to have shorter life expectancy. Children from Asian families have higher rates of getting rickets. Only Afro-Caribbean’s and Pakistanis continue to show ‘excess mortality throughout infancy’ (Whitehead 1992). Afro-carribeans more likely to be admitted to mental health units, men more so than women and more likely to be sectioned. Once there they are more likely to receive harsh treatment e.g.- electro-shock therapy, anti psychotics. Age Geographical location The black report Internet Blue, L (2008) Why Do Women Live Longer Than Men [online] Available at: http://www.time.com/time/health/article/0,8599,1827162,00.html http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/rel/disability-and-health-measurement/health-expectancies-at-birth-and-age-65-in-the-united-kingdom/2008-10/index.html Sikin, L (undated) Life expectancy [online] Available at: http://www.agediscrimination.info/statistics/Pages/LifeExpectancy.aspx The telegraph (2012) Men twice as likely to take risks [online] Available at: http://www.telegraph.co.uk/science/evolution/9005552/Men-twice-as-likely-to-take-risks.html

Monday, July 29, 2019

ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS FOR INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT Essay

ASSESSMENT QUESTIONS FOR INDIVIDUAL ASSIGNMENT - Essay Example ......................... 5.0 Distribution/channel strategy................................................................................ 6.0 Promotional strategy............................................................................................. 7.0 Pricing strategy...................................................................................................... References EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Marks and Spencer is not doing an appropriate job of gaining target market interest in the brand and continues to cater to the older demographic. The company has built a rather old-fashioned and stuffy brand that caters to wealthy High Street consumers in the over-55 age bracket. This prevents the business from building a more contemporary brand personality that would attract younger and trendier fashion consumers. To better position the company, the business needs to utilise psychographics rather than demographic segmentation and focus less on quality and more on price and fashion -forwardness. Improvements to fashion procurement, utilisation of the Internet for online purchases, social media for promotion, and lifestyle-related advertisement will improve the brand competitiveness in this highly saturated and dynamic competitive environment. Marketing analysis: Marks and Spencer 1.0 Current market segments Marks and Spencer continues to attempt to attract younger consumer segments through the introduction of more contemporary fashion merchandise with edgy and trendy designs. The business, in an effort to appeal to the twenty something markets, recruited models Lily Cole and Lizzie Jagger to serve as celebrity endorsers that would be aspirational to the youth, female markets (Wood and Finch 2009). However, this strategy failed to rouse interest in the M&S brand and clothing sales to the over-55 female segment rose by 10 percent (Wood and Finch 2009). The problem at Marks and Spencer is that the business continues to segment based on demographics. As a high str eet fashion business, the business maintains a premium pricing model on the majority of its fashion merchandise, thus making clothing more affordable to the older demographic. Premium fashion products are segmented just below luxury brands and therefore usually carry a higher price tag (Hameide 2011). The average age of the business’ customers are between 35 and 54 who maintain the high level of financial resources necessary to afford a high price (Ayub 2010). The brand has been defined according to the demographic characteristics and purchasing behaviours of existing consumers, affluent middle-aged women living in wealthy regions who are the major revenue producers for the company. The business, in an effort to attract desirable target markets, recruited the 1970s model Twiggy to promote a new clothing line launch. This strategy did not appeal to the younger consumer market segments and seemed to reinforce a lifestyle connection with the aging consumer target market. Joanna Lumley, from the Absolutely Fabulous craze, was also recruited to appear in and perform voiceovers for advertisements, yet another older celebrity figure which continued to appeal to the existing, greying market (Chislett 2009). Hence, by focusing on demographic segmentation in order to identify target consumers, Marks and Spencer is limiting its ability to boost revenue production by not utilising other segmentation strategies. The company continues to utilise strategic marketing strategies that are more relevant to the lifestyles and income demographics of older

Sunday, July 28, 2019

Comparison and contrast of two photos Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

Comparison and contrast of two photos - Essay Example As Susan Sontag put it, a photograph is both a pseudo-presence and taken by absence (Abbott 37). This just augments the fact that photographs serve a far greater role than the preservation of the authentic feel of the moment. This fact can sufficiently be highlighted through an analysis of two photos taken at the Mariscal Sucre International Airport in Quito, Ecuador. The first picture shows two boys sitting on the floor while resting their backs against the wall. It is undoubtedly daytime as shown by the relatively bright natural light coming in through the window. The first boy has his arms crossed, with a large hot-pink luggage bag between his legs. The other boy is hurdled up at the nearing corner, with a large black bag in front of him. He is resting his hand on the window stool, and slightly extending it to his chin. A reflection of his face can be seen next to the large glass window adjacent to him. A short distance in front of him there is another striped luggage bag, but this is slightly smaller than the first two. The boys are both looking in the same direction, most likely having spotted something of mutual interest to both of them. In this case, they were apparently looking at three uniformed ladies walking across the hall-way. Moreover, both of them are just wearing regular clothes. They are both wearing t-shirts, with denim pants. T heir regular choice of clothing and choice of seating shows that they are there casually, or in a casual mood. In addition, their choice of seating, the floor, can be taken to mean that they had waited for quite a long time and were tired, or there weren’t any seating spaces remaining. The second picture also shows a waiting area, with the prominent point of focus being a smiling gentleman and a dog. The gentleman is smiling heartily, supposedly as a result of the dog having accepted a piece of bread from him. The dog is a customs dog, with an identification vest across its back. As opposed to the

Saturday, July 27, 2019

Threats and Opportunities of Social Media Marketing in the Framework Essay

Threats and Opportunities of Social Media Marketing in the Framework of Contemporary Advertising Strategy - Essay Example This essay stresses that social media marketing is something that must always remain supreme within any advertising strategy which is geared to meet the eye of the young audiences. This has been proven with the passage of time that the young ones appreciate the presence of marketing on social media platforms like Twitter, Facebook, Google, YouTube, Instant Messengers and so on. As the paper declares the contemporary advertising strategy is such that it derives its basis from a number of different sectors, most significant of which remain the aspects of reaching out to the relevant target audiences and thus finding ways and means through which newer markets could be tapped in a corrective fashion. It would also manifest for growth and development under the already established clientele, which is indeed the target audience which is proving to be a major success for the brands and campaigns working under the aegis of these organizations. The modern day advertising strategy is such that it will bring instant results if devised in line with the needs, wishes and desires of the target audience. Within the framework of the social media avenues, it is always pertinent to discern the basis of success within the making up of such advertising strategies and plans which would eventually give the intended mileage to the brands and campaigns that are run on these platfor ms. The social media trends and changes are happening so quickly that it is very difficult to follow up what exactly is taking place within the relevant ranks. This calls for an understanding of how properly the advertising strategies are devised, planned and later on implemented within the related settings (Sigala, 2011). What is most significant here is an understanding that much sanity can prevail within these discussions if everyone knows his role well and then goes about aligning and delegating people for their respective chores and tasks. After all, it must be remembered here that the social media marketing elements are always given the go ahead when the brands and campaigns within the aegis of organizations understand their use and believe in its effectiveness and efficiency without any issues that will ultimately come to the reckoning. An opportunity that can be discussed here is of these social media platforms working to best affects for the sake of the consumers and users alike. These people want to be updated about the latest products, services and trends that belong to their own age where they spend most of their time, i.e. the social media avenues. It excites the young audiences as they want to connect with it and thus know about the different worldly affairs (Nolan, 2011). It just is a very significant part of who they are and what they want to seek from life. Psychological entities have proven that the social media enterprises and platforms excite the teenagers more than the

Friday, July 26, 2019

Literature Review of Corporate Governance and Dividend Policy Dissertation

Literature Review of Corporate Governance and Dividend Policy - Dissertation Example The global economy is confronting with an earning conflict because of excessive managerial remuneration in major enterprises throughout the world. To investigate on the perpetrators of economic recession, the high managerial pay and extreme risk taking activities were cited as prime suspects. Among the two issues, the managerial pay leads to the primary focus and incited many public as well as political outrages. For instance, the insurance major named AIG was nearly shattered because of bad business performance and abundant remuneration scales. It was seen that AIG had paid almost 165 million USD of bonus amount to 400 employees in London. In Wall Street, the bankers gave themselves almost 20 billion USD as bonus in the year 2008 even when the economy was decelerating down. The government also expended huge money to assist the financial institutions. It was alleged that this type of ignorance for the expenditure and the outcomes of the managers’ actions have generated the eco nomic crisis. The ethnicity, customs, spawned managerial remuneration plan with incentive that promote the unnecessary risk taking had given light to the economic crisis. The laws and regulations along with corporate boards were highly criticized for autonomous management of organizations. (Thompson, 2009). Excessive Managerial Remuneration in the USA Several reports stated that excessive managerial remuneration in the USA has taken overwhelming economic levy in American society and intimidated the control in corporate sector, government and nonprofit area and created volatility in the economy. It has been observed that average employees in the USA need to work hard for a whole year to generate one day’s salary of most of the CEOs listed in the Fortune 500’. The gap between the lowest and maximum salary was extending. This salary inequality has endangered the basis of the USA democracy, management, and produced situation for financial instability. According to the repo rt of ‘United for a Fair Economy’ (UFE), the CEOs in the big companies get almost 10.8 million USD as total remuneration, which is 364 times higher compared to the average American employees. The amount excludes the cost of bonuses and stocks and if included the amount will increase to a

Medical or Surgical Ways of Caring and Treating Decubitus Essay

Medical or Surgical Ways of Caring and Treating Decubitus - Essay Example Treatment involves debridement and control of infections. Prevention, on the other hand, involves patient repositioning, eating a balanced diet and exercising. Medical/ Surgical Ways of Caring and Treating Decubitus As a healing strategy, lying down is used to rest different body parts in a patient. When the patient rests in such a position for a long time they run the risk of developing bedsores. This is as a result of the effects of unrelieved pressure on that part of the body. These bedsores are also referred to as ulcer decubitus and can be found on any body part especially on areas with bone and cartilage (Neizgoda et al., 2006). This condition, though life-threatening, is treatable if found early. Sores caused by pressure result from inadequate supply of blood to tissues or an injury that leads to blood accumulating in the tissues. When one stays in the same position for a long time, blood supply in the areas under pressure is reduced. This causes a mild ache which is indicativ e of the obstructed flow of blood. This implies that the tissues will not get nourishment from the blood resulting in their death. If pressure is not alleviated in this area, the skin breaks and opens up creating a sore and if untreated, it can become infected (Brem et al., 2004). This paper discusses decubitus, its cause, its stages of development, how to prevent its development and how to care and treat patients with this condition. Discussion Ulcer decubitus is caused by three types of forces on a tissue. These are pressure, shear force and friction. Pressure results from a bones force on a tissue which causes the tissue to compress. Over time, the supply of blood to such tissues is inadequate leading to ischemia and cell death if left untreated in people with low immunity. When the skin stays in one place for a long time, gravity pulls down the skeletal muscles and the deep fascia resulting in shear force. This force can cut blood vessels thus depriving the tissues of nutrients which can lead to their death. Friction, on the other hand, is the force that prevents sloughing of the skin which may cause excess shedding of the epidermal layers. The situation can be even worse in conditions of excess skin moisture, which causes the epithelial cell bonds to weaken resulting in epidermal sloughing. Some medical conditions e. g. diabetes, age, and nutrition among other factors contribute to sores development (Neizgoda et al., 2006). There are two theories that explain how sores develop. The first one, which is most accepted, claims that they begin around the skeleton and move outwards towards the skin. The second theory claims that deterioration begins with the skin and proceeds into the muscles (Wilkinson and Stone, 2008). Either way, there are four stages of sores development. First is the superficial stage where the topmost layer of the skin becomes hyperemic even when the pressure is relieved. The area may be painful with an unusual texture and higher or lower temperatures than normal. It is easy to identify in light-skinned people where the skin is reddened, then in dark-skinned people where the skin shows purple or blue shades (Brem et al., 2004). The second stage involves damages to the epidermis and the dermis creating a blister. In the third stage, damages extend to the subcutaneous layer which is hard to heal because it has a poor blood supply.  

Thursday, July 25, 2019

Exchange Rate Regime Tendency and Regulations Essay

Exchange Rate Regime Tendency and Regulations - Essay Example These variables affect conditions in the local capital market within emerging markets. It is the obligation of these markets to identify the links between emerging markets and the global markets. They, therefore, deepen local markets in emerging market countries. An international capital market includes all transactions with an international dimension (Woepking, 2007). It represents a number of closely integrated markets. The foreign exchange market is forming a major component of the international capital market. The world’s major financial centers are; Singapore, London, Hong Kong, New York, and Paris. New securities are issued in primary markets while a majority of capital transactions take place in secondary capital markets (AÃŒ rvai, & Heenan, 2008). The spot market involves the sale of goods for cash and their delivery done immediately (Cuthbertson, & Nitzsche, 2001). A futures market involves transactions of goods and their delivery completed on a specified future date (Kline, 2000). Theory offers numerous insights to the possibility of linkages between the exchange rate regime and macroeconomic performance. A country’s exchange rate regime is classified as either â€Å"fixed† or â€Å"floating.† A country that operates a fixed (pegged) exchange rate regime has its exchange rate tied to another country’s currency. This regime is set by the government or central bank of such a country so as to maintain its currency’s value within a narrow band. A floating exchange rate regime is concerned with the demand and supply for a country’s currency relative to other currencies. In such a case, a country’s exchange rate regime is set by the foreign-exchange market (Adams, 2006). Exchange rate regimes have unique characteristics. These characteristics are accompanied by various principle issues.  

Wednesday, July 24, 2019

Rhetorical analysis Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Rhetorical analysis - Essay Example The article is in response to the issue of globalization and the need to for a common language to facilitate it. This relates to the concept of culture and its influence, as well as difficulty in communication using non-standard native language. This is by revealing the need for the global society to communicate with ease whether it is in business or cross cultural as seen in the case of Sweden. This is also in terms of other languages having increased numbers of native speakers, as Chinese, but the need to communicate on a cross-cultural basis. Ergo necessitating a common language a position English has proven capable of filling as is demonstrated in the discourse. Concerning ethos, Seth creates credibility in his article by showing accurate command of the topic at hand and citing credible experts in the fields of linguistics and English. The experts include linguists and skeptics such as Nicholas Olster and David Crystal who give expert opinion on issues regarding English as a glob al language (Mydans). Nicholas Purports that while Latin might have appeared set to dominate the world in the 15th century, English is the language to watch in post-20th century times. Crystal on the other hand agrees that English is no doubt dominant in the world than any other language has ever been; nevertheless, he does not commit himself to predict its relevance as interminable. In addition, the author pays attention to other aspects of different language such as Hindi, Phoenician, and Chinese to show cultural differences and their impact on English as a global language these work towards building a strong base for making his claims and facts solid. This is because he presents them as languages that could have a claim to global dominance by virtue of the number of native speakers. He however explains that many parents teach their children English as a second language â€Å"to help them become citizens of an increasingly intertwined world.† Basic knowledge of linguistics is sufficient for one to understand that a language gains prominence not due to its intrinsic structural or lexical configuration but the number of people accepting and learning it as a second language. By conceding to this fact, and undertaking to provide a rational explanation as to why they are not global languages, he appeals to the reader’s sense of logic and hence earns himself credibility points by his objective explanations. Moreover, the writer’s objectivity portrays the writer’s attitude as neutral and unbiased since he evidently is supporting the dominant status of English because of empirical evidences. Based on the writer’s seemly skeptical point of view and the fact that the article appeared on one of America’s prominent newspapers and is available online, his primary audience was no doubt skeptics, and anyone looking for information on the future of English and its globalization. The article’s global outreach makes any global citizen with access to the paper online possibly accidentally (as they may not have been looking for the information), or in related linguistic research a conceivable secondary audience. The attitude or stand of the writer is that of a skeptic as it is based on plenty of speculation, especially on the issue of its

Tuesday, July 23, 2019

EXAM PREPARATION (MARKETING RESEARCH) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

EXAM PREPARATION (MARKETING RESEARCH) - Essay Example For a company that wants to differentiate its existing products or to innovate, the marketing department has to conduct exploratory research. With this research design, the marketing department will see how its customers respond to these new products in terms of their attitudes to buy these products or their feedback about its features, quality and utility etc. Most innovative firms such as Apple, Microsoft, Cisco, Vodafone etc almost always used exploratory research design to further discover new ideas. Apple Inc used exploratory research to develop iPod, by learning about how consumers wanted a portable device that could play favorite songs with increased volume quality and with ample storage capacity. Exploratory marketing research can help the researcher identify strategic management practices, financial or auditing approaches, marketing opportunities that may lead the company to achieve competitive advantage etc. Basically, the exploratory research is to provide the researcher w ith preliminary information about the problem or the opportunity to be studied. Descriptive research design attempts to obtain data that can describe the characteristics of the topic of interest in the research. Descriptive research is mainly designed to help the researcher to determine the frequency with which some incident occurs or to determine the relationship between two variables. This type of research is relatively rigid in nature, because the researcher assumes certain underlying characteristics of the market or he has some precise question of the statement of the research. Marketing management of a company may have to study about seasonal trends that affect their marketing. Descriptive research is the appropriate design for this type of research. Descriptive research is frequently used by companies to segment the potential market. With segmentation, the marketer initially identifies

Monday, July 22, 2019

Oppression Remedy vs Derivative Action Essay Example for Free

Oppression Remedy vs Derivative Action Essay Many people from different corporations are engaged in many legal cases, mostly people uses their influence to win cases which leads to the minority being harmed in the process since they have no options of retaliating. For example, directors of corporation can engage in wrongdoing by taking some of the profits of the corporation for themselves. The corporation can therefore sue the directors like a normal person (Smyth et al. 628). The minorities that get harmed are the board members of minority shareholders. There are two remedies that minorities can use in protecting themselves from the power of the majority which include the Oppression Remedy and the Derivative Action. The two remedies that are used by the minorities are similar but defer slightly and therefore people need to understand when to use the different remedies. Oppression Remedy is used by shareholders in bringing actions against the companies that conduct unfair practices towards the shareholders. In cases of oppression remedy, the court is allowed to makes a judgment that is fair and suitable regarding the situation where that complainant has been oppressively and unfairly treated (Smyth et al. 629). The Derivative action is used by the shareholders in taking actions on behalf of the corporation against the top managements of the corporation. When a director of corporation has done any wrong such as violating duties that are fiduciary to the shareholders, the shareholders can take actions by suing the directors of the corporation (Smyth et al. 28). The oppression remedy are usually used when the minority have been frozen out or deadlocked. The oppression remedy is also used when the relationship between majority shareholder and minority shareholder has broken down. The shareholders that own shares in corporation are empowered by the oppression remedy to sue the corporations in cases where the corporations have oppressed and prejudiced unfairly the shareholders interests as stated by Goddard in the article â€Å"Canada: Ontario: The Relationship between the Oppression Remedy and Derivative Action. Minority have also been affected in the corporations that are run by the rules of the majority since the minorities have fewer contributions to the corporations’ business practices and direction. In this case, many corporations have been found be taken over by the majorities’ shareholder. The majorities also make the decisions of the companies leading to oppression of the minorities. Oppression remedies are used to bring justices in the case where the majorities hand over the company to their children leading to oppression to the minorities. The oppression remedy is widely used in places such as Canada (Ellyn 15). The real life cases that will be discussed in this paper include the case of Waxman et al. v. Waxman et al. Others cases that will be discussed include the cases of Alizadeh et al. v. Akhavan et al. , Deluce Holdings Inc. v. Air Canada, Knudstrup v. Superior Court, McRedmond v. Est. of Marianelli, Ford v. OMERS and Foss v Harbottle. Definition of terms of Oppression Remedy and Derivative Action Oppressive conducts are conducts that are committed by the majority to the minority shareholders that lead to the use of the oppression remedy. Court Ordered meetings as stated by the section 106(1) of the Ontario Business Corporations Act are meetings which the court orders to be held as the courts direct when the shareholders have been allowed to be part of the corporation meetings. In the derivative action, a complainant as defined by section 245 of the OBCA is a person such as the director, officer, registered holder who makes the application of bringing the action to court on behalf of the corporation (Ellyn 9). Good faith is a term that has not been defined in the statutes of the corporate law since cases are analyzed on terms of bad faith indications. Costs are defined according to the Canadian common law as the court power to award the legal expenses of the successful party that are paid by the losing party (Ellyn 11). In the oppression remedy, a complainant according to the section 245 of the OBCA is defined as a person who applies an action that has been conducted by the corporation to the court (Ellyn 15). Investigations are effective exercises that are conducted in case of the oppression to find out the relevant information of the case. It is provided by section 161(2) of the OBCA that investigations are ordered by the court when corporations have been engaged in unlawful business practices (Ellyn 22). Appraisal remedy is the shareholders’ appraisal right for the company to purchase the shares of the shareholder at a fair value under some circumstances like when the shareholder is holding 10% or less of the shares that are outstanding (Ellyn 24). Winding-up is courts order under the just and equitable doctrines to dissolute the corporation under certain circumstances of the oppression of the minority shareholders (Ellyn 25). Examples of Oppression Remedy v.  Derivative Action that have succeeded or failed One of the cases where the oppression remedy succeeded was the case of Waxman et al. v. Waxman et al. In this case the minority, Morris Waxman recovered around $50 million from the case after he was dismissed and excluded from the family business by the majorities his brother Chester Waxman and others (Ellyn 15). Another case in which the oppression remedy succeeded is the case of Deluce Holdings Inc. v. Air Canada. In this case, Deluce Holdings the minority shareholder was terminated as the CEO by the Air Canada who was the majority shareholder. The representatives of Air Canada wanted the postponement of the arbitration proceedings of the case but Justice Blair of the Ontario Superior Court ensured that the remedy action was preceded (Ellyn 21). The case in which the oppression remedy failed is the case of Alizadeh et al. v. Akhavan et al. In this case, the minority shareholder was awarded the oppression remedy since the judge of the Ontario Superior Court had restored the management fees payments without making conclusions of the oppression allegations merits (Ellyn 19). The case of the derivative action that has failed is the case of Knudstrup v. Superior Court. In this case, the minority shareholder was not granted the remedy since the case was brought on behalf of the defendant. One of the cases of the derivative action that succeeded is the case of McRedmond v. Est. of Marianelli. In this case the plaintiff was awarded the verdict. One of the cases of the derivative action that failed is the case of Ford v. OMERS. In this case, the supreme court of Canada rejected the motion to appeal (Koehnen 1). Lastly, the case of the oppression remedy that failed is the case of Foss v Harbottle as stated by Griggs in the article â€Å"He Statutory Derivative Action: Lessons That May Be Learnt from Its Past! Analysis of the Results of Aforementioned Examples In the case of Waxman et al. v. Waxman et al. the minority, Morris Waxman recovered around $50 million from the case after he was dismissed and excluded from the family business by the majorities his brother Chester Waxman and others. In this case, the verdict was fair since even though the minority was oppressed, he ended up being compensated for the oppression since he was awarded the oppression remedy (Ellyn 15). In the case of Deluce Holdings Inc. v. Air Canada, Deluce Holdings the minority shareholder was terminated as the CEO by the Air Canada who was the majority shareholder. The representatives of Air Canada wanted the postponement of the arbitration proceedings of the case but Justice Blair of the Ontario Superior Court ensured that the remedy action was preceded. In this case, the verdict was also fair and just to the minority due to the fact the minority was awarded the oppression remedy after being oppressed by the majority Air Canada (Ellyn 21). In the case that the oppression remedy failed which is the case of Alizadeh et al. v. Akhavan et al. the minority shareholder was awarded the oppression remedy. The judge of the Ontario Superior Court had restored the management fees payments without making conclusions of the oppression allegations merits (Ellyn 19). The case of the derivative action that has failed is the case of Knudstrup v. Superior Court. In this case, the minority shareholder was not granted the remedy since the case was brought on behalf of the defendant. One of the cases of the derivative action that succeeded is the case of McRedmond v. Est. of Marianelli. In this case the plaintiff was awarded the verdict. Another case relating to derivative action that failed is the case of Ford v.  Omers. In this case, the supreme court of Canada rejected the motion to appeal (Koehnen 1). Lastly, the case of the oppression remedy that failed is the case of Foss v Harbottle as stated by Griggs in the article â€Å"He Statutory Derivative Action: Lessons That May Be Learnt from Its Past! † Preference of Oppressive Remedy Oppressive remedy intends to correct the anomaly that occurs when minority shareholders are unable to exercise control of a corporation due to nature of these organizations to adopt decisions based on majority shareholder. It allows the minority shareholders to undertake legal action against the company to correct discriminatory practices (Ellyn 15). The minority shareholders must provide evidence to the court presiding over the arbitration that injustice has been done on them through, discrimination, unfair treatment or isolation from decisions of running the corporation (Smyth et al 629). The court exercise great authority on the matter of oppressive remedy at it own discretion once there is evidence that oppression occurred to the minority party as provided by acts specified in oppressive remedy law. The court also allows and presides over oppressive conduct that were committed long before this law was adopted and come into force. Additionally, it provides no time limit on which to file a case after it occurs, thereby eliminating loopholes within the act (Ellyn 15). To this effect, a court in addressing oppression in minority has power to overrule the decision and transaction undertaken by the company, and among other things enforce acts as contained in oppressive law remedy . However the complainant as pertains to oppressive remedy must be able to provide sufficient evidence that proves the company directives or its subsidiaries and affiliates resulted in its oppression, or in the manner in which directors of the company exercised their power (Ellyn 15). The court in oppressive remedy arbitration has the only mandate to determine if oppression occurred to minority party, in so doing; it will disregard actions done in good faith by management in implementing decisions, which can be used as mitigation by the accused. This leeway forms the hallmark in oppressive remedy cases arbitration (Ellyn 15). The court requires that the plaintiff express reasonable expectations while instigating cases, what it calls legitimate expectation of a shareholder in line with oppressive remedy act. Legitimate expectation in this case refers to valid expected outcomes as provided in the company acts and provisions, and based on general trends of the company. This means while instituting a case the claimant should without prejudice seek to address valid issues as contained in companies statutes and memorandum of understanding, which is left for the court to decide. This in essence limits the arbitration redress that is sought to what the court consider legitimate expectations (Ellyn 17). However, unlike derivative action, oppressive remedy provides broad spectrum of ruling that might be sought by plaintiff under this act to include such actions like order to seek an appointment of receiver manager, amendment of company act, appointment of addition directors, orders to seek closure of a company, or suspend company transactions. The court can also award payment and provision of legal fees to the plaintiff if it is sought in the dispute (Ellyn 17). Oppression remedy like, in derivative action provides for proper person to seek a court redress from a company where injustice is committed against. Such circumstances are provided for in the oppression remedy act whereby a creditor or employees sue as proper person. This is allowed when it is shown that the directors of a company engage in illegal activities through the company or where there is contravention of rights to a person by the company (Ellyn 17). Preference of Derivative Action  According to Griggs in the article Statutory Derivative Action, The corporations Act 2001, explains that Derivative action provides shareholders with an avenue to seek redress against company directors based on contravention of companies act and existing memorandum between corporation and shareholders. It allows the plaintiff to seek legal intervention on any company transactions. The underlying conditions of this act require that the plaintiff be able to prove to the court that the management has no freewill to institute any proceedings on itself. The issue under arbitration must be shown to be in the best interest of the company at large and done out of good faith by the plaintiff. The characteristic feature of derivative action as discussed in Griggs work, Statutory Derivative Action, is that it can cause a third party that has no vested interests to cause legal intercept on behalf of a second party that is disadvantaged by lack of will of corporation to act in favour of the second party. Therefore the derivative action provides counter measures of regulating the company’s managerial decisions that are deemed excessive. In the same article by Griggs, derivative action acts provides circumstances under which a suit related to it can be instigated. Unlike in oppressive remedy, the conditions which allow a suit to occur are limited in order to protect the independence of corporation to carry out their mandate and prevent unnecessary litigations. The derivative action is especially relevant when the subjects of the suit are board of directors that are found to be in contravention of a company policy. It is obvious the directors cannot have free will to institute litigation upon themselves. In total, derivative action litigation require the plaintiff to prove that management actions constitutes a fraud to the company or the minority, or there is intrusion on shareholder rights, or an action done by management is deemed as ultra vires in the company acts. Victory Rates of Oppressive Remedy In execution of oppressive remedy arbitration, the court only purpose is to analyze evidence and determine if actually any oppression took place to the minority party, while disregarding purported or otherwise good faith of the management in implementing decisions, which can be used as mitigation by the accused. This leeway forms the hallmark in oppressive remedy cases arbitration and largely determines the victory of a law suit (Ellyn 15). The litigations brought on oppressive remedy require the claimant to provide the court with just sufficient indication that there was cause for oppression to occur. This provides the plaintiff with an edge of favourable ruling over the defender since the burden of proof required is minimal. This characteristic should be a consideration when instituting litigation which requires high burden of proof for achieving conviction (Ellyn 22). Finally suit brought about in oppressive remedy must conform to the general requirements of this act as provided in this law.

Sunday, July 21, 2019

Case study on hypertesion and chest pains.

Case study on hypertesion and chest pains. History of Present Illness: Mr. AS, an 85 year old, Caucasian male, with a history of hypertension and chest pain presents today not knowing how he got to the assisted living facility. The patient states he arrived at the facility 3 years ago, unaware of how he got there or why (the chart states his arrival as April 28, 2009). Mr. AS states that he was told he had a stroke, and was aware that his legs were not working correctly. He doesnt remember having the stroke, but states that he was 83 years old when it happened. He now has lost the ability to walk and has also given up trying. His legs and arms feel weak. His arms hurt from trying to use his walker. He currently does not lift weights to strengthen his arms so that they dont get as exhausted when using his walker. Patient denies any prickling or tingling sensations. He also only exercises with his walker when he is made to, once a day during physical therapy. He states that he would rather use his wheelchair. He states that he has accepted the fact that h e will not walk again, but is content just breathing and talking. He is not in any pain currently, still has feeling in his legs, but cannot move them. He also states that he was diagnosed with early stages of Alzheimers 30 years ago. His chart states that he was diagnosed with dementia at 55 years old. Patient is oriented to time and place, however, he has trouble remembering what he did yesterday. He can recall memories from years ago. He also states that he spends most of his day sleeping, but doesnt feel tired, rather feels rested. Mr. AS also complains of coughing, that sometimes produces a clear sputum. He states that he was a smoker 20 years ago, for 40 years, with a 160 pack year history. He occasionally wheezes. Past Medical History: Current Medication List: Mirtazapine 15 mg tablet PO once at bedtime for depression. Namenda 10 mg tablet PO every 12 hours for Alzheimers. Allopurinol 300 mg tablet PO 1 daily for hyperuricemia. Aspirin single tablet chewable PO 81 mg to reduce the risk of heart attack and stroke, and pain relief. Certavite antioxidant tablet 18 mg PO 1 daily as multivitamin and mineral supplement. Loratadine 10 mg 1 tablet PO 1 daily for rhinorrhea/allergies. Nifedipine 90 mg tablet PO 1 daily for chest pain and hypertension. Metoprolol tartrate 25 mg PO 1 tablet daily for chest pain hypertension. Nasal decongestant 0.05%SP 2 sprays per nostril 2 times a day for rhinorrhea/allergies. Omeprazole 20 mg 1 table PO 2x a day for ulcers/ GERD. Aricept 10 mg 1 tablet PO at bedtime for dementia. Tamsulosin HCL 0.4mg capsule 1 PO at bedtime for benign prostatic hyperplasia. Zolpidem tartrate 5 mg tablet 1 PO at bedtime as a sleep aid. Acetaminophen 500 mg tablet give 2 tablespoon PO every 6 hours as needed for high temperatures. Patient diagnosed with hypertension when he was 40 years old (currently controlled with medication). Patient states that he had a pace maker put in when he was 45 years old, and thinks it was to relieve chest pain. Patient thinks that he has been told he has high cholesterol, but he is unsure. Patients chart states that he has a history of hypertension, respiratory treatment, and chest pain. Patient was diagnosed with dementia at the age of 55, and had a stroke at 83 years old. Patient also had appendectomy due to appendicitis and an inguinal hernia repair when he was 10 years old. Patient has no known allergies. Family History: The patient states that he has one living adult son who calls often, but doesnt visit much as he is overweight and has back pain. He remembers that one of his grandmothers passed away from TB, but he could not recall when. He has no grandchildren, and does not recall how anyone else in his family passed away. He states that he has no family history of hypertension, cancer, heart disease, diabetes mellitus, or psychiatric disease. He was married twice, and both wives are now deceased, but he does not remember when or the cause of death for either wife. No other information could be appreciated from the chart or patient, so a family member will need to be contacted to assess his risk for diseases. Social History: He currently has a girlfriend who lives in Miami Beach. The patient states that he currently is not sexually active, does not drink, do drugs, or smoke nicotine. He stopped smoking 20 years ago, but before that he smoked for 40-50 years, 4 packs a day (160 pack year history). Currently he does not follow a diet at the ALF, but eats what they feed him every day. He states that he builds clocks during the day as a hobby, and this keeps him happy. Review of Systems: General: Patient denies any fatigue, weight or appetite changes. Skin: Patient denies any changes. Head: Patient denies headaches, bumps/bruises, or dizziness. Eyes: Patient states that he no longer needs to wear glasses since the stroke, as he can now see. Ears: Patient cant hear out of the left ear, but states that his right ear is fine. Nose/Throat/Mouth: Patient denies any changes in smell or taste, or problems swallowing. He feels tickling in his throat when he talks too much. Respiratory: Patient states that he has a constant cough, which sometimes produces clear sputum. He also occasionally wheezes and states that he had asthma as an adult and has used an inhaler. Cardiovascular: Patient denies any pain, but states he has a pace maker. He denies palpitations as well. Gastrointestinal: Patient denies any pain or cramping. Patient has been constipated for the past 20-30 years, only defecating once a month. Genitourinary: He urinates 2-3 times a day, but has no control, and must wear a diaper. Patient denies polydipsia or hematuria. Neurologic: See HPI Musculoskeletal: See HPI Endocrine: Patient denies any excessive thirst, changes in appetite, or weight changes. Hematopoetic: Patient denies any skin color changes, easy bruising, or bleeding. Psychiatric: SIGECAPS negative, and patient denies depression, fluctuating moods, or suicidal thoughts. See HPI Physical Examination: Vital Signs: Temp afebrile to touch, BP 132/72, pulse 60 bpm, RR 16 bpm, BMI 29 General: Overweight male currently not in respiratory or cardiac distress. Skin: Darker brown discolored non-raised plaques on both arms, skin dry and warm to touch. Ulcers present on right ankle (2 cm wide, circular, and 1 cm above medial malleolus) and left shin (3 cm wide, circular, and 6 cm below tibial tuberosity). Left leg is erythematous, at the mid-tibia region. HEENT: No icterus and no jaundice present, head is normocephalic, with normal hair distribuition. No lymphedenopathy present in occipital, periauricular, postauricular, tonsilar, submandibular, subtonsilar, anterior chain, posterior chain, and supraclavicular lymph nodes. Patient cant hear out of left ear. Both ears have compacted cerumen present. Patient does not wear corrective lenses, and could not see the eye chart to assess visual acuity. His eyes react slower than normal to light, but EOM are bilaterally intact. Patients mouth is moist, with a few teeth missing on top and bottom, and no signs of central or peripheral cyanosis. No carotid bruits, no jugular venous distention, and the trachea is midline. The thyroid is non-papable. Lung: Chest is symmetrical, with diaphragm excursion 6 cm bilaterally. Left lung field breath sides decreased compared to the right lung field. There is also wheezing heard in the right lung field. Right lung field is resonant to percussion, but the left lung field is dull to percussion. Vibrations felt throughout for tactile vocal fremitus. No crackles or rales heard. Heart: No thrills, murmers, bruits over the carotid, or extra heart sounds heard. Rate and rhythm are regular, and also symmetric at radial, femoral, dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses. S1 and S2 heard in all regions. Abdomen: Scar preset from a stomach tube that was placed for feeding. Patient doesnt recall when or why the tube was placed. Chart did not specify why either. No bruits heard over the abdominal aorta, renal, or iliac arteries. Borborygmus present. No tenderness, guarding, or rigidity present. There are bulging flanks and spider nevi present. Liver span is 6 cm. Spleen and kidneys non-papable. i Extremities: Patient has weak dorsalis pedis and posterior tibial pulses present (1+ bilaterally). Ankles are swollen, there is no pitting edema present. Musculoskeletal: Lower extremities have normal passive ROM present, but decreased active ROM. Normal passive and active ROM present in upper extremities. Motor strength is decreased in upper(4/5) and lower limbs(3/5). Nervous System: Mental Status: Patient is alert and oriented to place and time, but cannot remember events from yesterday. He can remember events from years ago, and is aware that he is forgetful now with memory loss. Cranial Nerves: Intact, no facial dropping or weakness on either side. Sensory: Lower extremities showed pain sensation and proprioception intact, but no vibration sense present. Reflexes: Lower extremity reflexes were not assessed as patient could not move his legs. Upper extremity reflexes intact. Cerebellar: Babinski intact. Patient could not get out of bed to assess gait. Laboratory Data: Labs taken Dec. 31, 2010 Glucose elevated 122 (normal 70-105 mg/dL) BUN/Cr elevated 1.35 (normal 0.7-1.3 mg/dL) Problem List: 1) Dementia 2) Chest pain 3) Wheezing and Cough 4) Depression 5) Leg/Arm weakness 6) Preventative medicine- routine physical exam, mini mental status exam, psych evaluation, colonoscopy and rectal exam, pneumovax vaccine, influenza shot Assessment: Dementia: Dementia is an impairment of cognitive function, affecting memory, attention, language, and/or problem solving. This impairment has to be lasting 6 months or longer. The first sign of dementia is usually short term memory loss, progressing to memory forming impairment, and later an inability to learn new things. Usually the patient is aware of the memory loss. Eventually the memory loss is too great, and there is a loss of personal hygiene, eating, and other activities of daily living. This also affects mood, and there can be fluctuations between happiness, sadness, and anger. There can be sleep disturbances and personality changes. Depression is one of the major illnesses that can present with dementia. Lastly, there is a complete dependence on others, as the patient can no longer take care of themselves, is disorientated, has memory loss, and in many cases, cannot swallow properly. There are many types of dementia, and once a person has met the requirements to be diagnosed with dementia, the type must be determined. Each type is caused differently, so treatment can vary slightly. The most common type is Alzheimers dementia. Patients with Alzheimers can be differentiated from other types, as these patients are more likely to get lost in familiar places, try to leave home, have difficulty communicating, and have memory problems. This can occur from tau neurofibrilllary protein tangles in the brain and plaque formation. Also there can be a loss of acetylcholine in the brain. Patients with multi-infarct dementia can be differentiated based on a history of smoking, stroke, atherosclerosis, and hypertension. Multi-infarct dementia occurs from many small strokes affecting the brain. Patients with vascular-type dementia usually have aphasia, apraxia, a difficulty learning math skills, and often present with neglect. This type of dementia occurs due to cerebrovascular d isease or stroke. Lewy-Body dementia presents with recurrent visual hallucinations, motor impairments similar to Parkinsons disease, and varying levels of attention throughout the day. This can occur due to Lewy bodies (abnormal protein) deposits in the brain, and sometimes a loss of dopamine too. Currently, our patient has been diagnosed with dementia. He meets the criteria for this diagnosis: he has memory loss, is aware of his memory loss, has lost the ability to care for himself, has lost some autonomic function and must wear a diaper, and has been having sleep disturbances. Mr. AS does not recall how he got to the facility, and states that he cant remember what he did yesterday, but can remember stuff from years ago. He no longer can live alone at home without someone to care for him, and has been living at the facility since April 2009. He also states that he sleeps more than he used to, sleeping now for most of the day. A family member must be contacted to assess the changes that have occurred prior to his admittance to the facility, as our patient is unable to tell us of any changes in his status. We also need to contact his family to narrow down which possible type of dementia the patient has based off of his previous behavior prior to entering the facility. If he was experiencing getting lost in familiar places, it could be Alzheimers; he has the risk factors of multi-infarct dementia, especially if he has had more than one stroke; lastly we would need to assess his function before and after the stroke to determine if it was vascular type dementia. He currently has no signs or symptoms of Lewy- body dementia. Our patient is also on medications for Alzheimers type of dementia: Mirtazapine, Namenda, Aricept, and Zolpidem tartrate. These medications help relieve some of the symptoms that our patient has, such as depression and sleep disturbances, and can increase the acetylcholine levels in the brain. Chest Pain: Chest pain can be caused by angina, coronary spasm, MI, pericarditis, gastroesophageal reflux, aortic dissection, and many more causes. Our patient is not currently in any chest pain, but he does have a pace maker. He states he does not know why he was given a pace maker, but states that he has never had any problems or complications with it. A family member needs to be contacted to find out why the pace maker was placed. His chart did not state a reason for the pace maker or state why he was having chest pain. The most common reason for a pace maker is to regulate an arrythymia. An EKG record prior to his placement of his pace maker, can help to determine if an arrhythmia was the reason he had one inserted. A recent EKG will tell us if his heart rate is normal, and if there are any associated pathologies. His medications include: Nifedipine, Metoprolol tartrate, and aspirin, which are all given for chest pain, usually angina and hypertension. He is also taking Omeprazole for GERD. Wheezing and Cough: The most common cause of wheezing is due to a constriction of the airways. This can be an inflammatory response, such as with asthma. Asthma, however, would also cause shortness of breath, which our patient is currently not experiencing, and would be bilateral (unlike only in one side as with our patient). COPD, emphysema, or a lung tumor could be possible causes for his wheezing and coughing. Smoking is a risk factor for all 3, and our patient has a 160 year pack history. It needs to be determined if his wheezing is occurring in the expiratory phase or the inspiratory phase. During the expiratory phase would indicate bronchial disease, but during the inspiratory phase would indicate a foreign body (such as tumor) or scarring. Wheezing heard in both phases could indicate a collapsed lung or portion of lung. Unilateral wheezing also would be more indicative of a lung tumor. There also are no crackles or rales heard in our patient, so fluid in the lungs or turbulent flow does not seem to be the problem. Depression: The cause of depression is unknown, but it is known to be caused by chemical imbalances in the brain. It can also be caused from stress, or a life changing event, such as death of a loved one or social isolation. Depression can present with a number of symptoms such as: fatigue, lack of energy, feelings of worthlessness, feelings of hopelessness, anger, discouragement, irritability, changes in appetite, changes in weight, sleep disturbances, and thoughts of death or suicide. Although our patient has had sleep disturbances, a SIGECAPS interview was negative. His sleep disturbances can be due to dementia. Currently our patient is on medication for depression, Mirtazapine, and should remain on it, so that he does not become depressed. Arms and Leg Weakness: Arm and leg weakness can be caused by a number of things, such as stroke, infectious disease, amputations, and trauma. Our patient suffered a stroke, after which he states he has not been able to use his legs anymore. His legs may be weak, as the nerves may have been damaged from occlusion, and are not able to send complete signals anymore. His arms may be weak from overuse, as he has been learning to use a walker as part of his physical therapy. His arms have to hold up his body now, as his legs cant. Preventative Medicine: Our patient needs to have continuous routine physical exams to assess his ever changing status. A mini mental status exam also should be performed to monitor any changes, or the rate of progression of his dementia. A psych evaluation is needed to determine the extent of his depression and if it is getting better from his medication, or if he is having a more positive outlook on life. Our patient is at the age where a routine colonoscopy and rectal exam should be performed to monitor for colon cancer, prostate cancer, and BPH. Currently our patient is on Tamsulosin for BPH, so it is essential to continually monitor him. Additionally, our patient is elderly and should have a pneumovax vaccine and an influenza shot as prevention for illness. Plan: In addition to the preventative measures listed, in order to assess the patient fully, we will need to contact his family and inquire about if there were any changes in the patients mood, demeanor, physical abilities, and mental status before he was admitted to the facility. His family will also be questioned about their family history of disease, as the patient could not recall how most of his family passed away. To prove our diagnosis, brain scans (CT and MRI) should be performed on the patient and assessed for changes, loss, or infarcts. The patient is also experiencing a constant cough, with a 160 pack year history of smoking so pulmonary function tests should be performed. A chest xray should also be performed to determine if there are any pathological changes within his lungs (such as a tumor) that are causing his wheezing and decreased lung field sounds. This xray can also be used to assess if there have been any cardiovascular changes. Due to the patients past history, he wil l need to be continually monitored for changes. He will also need a CBC to monitor these changes. The patient also will need to have his medication list continually reassessed (additions or deletions) with changes. Currently he is on medication for allergies or rhinorrhea, but he is not experiencing any symptoms of allergies or rhinorrhea, so Loratadine and his nasal decongestant may be removed.

Challenges and Opportunities of the Ethiopian Coffee Sector

Challenges and Opportunities of the Ethiopian Coffee Sector Coffee farmers all over the world face different challenges related to the availability, cost and quality of labor, land, water, inputs, access to reasonable production credit, and proper technical advice in response to diseases and pests. Ethiopia has a reputation of high quality coffee due to its branded varieties of coffee. But, most of the coffee farmers in Ethiopia are not capable of getting the benefits connected with production and marketing of a finest quality product. There is production, processing, storage and functioning of domestic and international market related constraints for this fact (ODI, 2009). Regardless of huge potential for collective production of coffee in Ethiopia, the average yield per hectare remains very low at 0.72 metric ton per hectare. Abu and Tedy (2013) revealed three major factors for the basis of low coffee production. First, there is a direct and increasing competition of Khat (Cata edulis), a plant with mild narcotic effects, with coffee for farmlands in different areas of the country particularly in the Hararge region. Khat is chosen by many farmers because it is more profitable and brings a consistent income during the year. Second, the farm management system of coffee and the agronomic practices in Ethiopia are traditional. In addition to this, coffee producing farmers do not get adequate extension services. Lastly, there is no specialized institution that offers extension support for production of coffee in the country. According to Taye (2010), in Ethiopia, there are several attributed factors for the low level of average production and income of coffee by the world standard. These includes insufficient credit and distribution of input devices for coffee growing farmers, principal use of conservative husbandry and processing as well as unimproved local coffee landrace practices, which in turn extremely hinders the national production and productivity of coffee produced by small-scale farmers in the country. Harvesting, post-harvest storage and processing is important in order to assure the quality of coffee. Non-selective picking practice is common by smallholder farms which contributes to poor quality coffee regardless of whether it is wet or dry processed. In addition, sorting and grading of coffee berries before further processing is a practice that is long forgotten among most smallholders because of low net earnings, high cost of labor and lack of incentives for high quality coffees. Most of the coffee growing farmers in Ethiopia have traditional and temporary storages which have its own negative effect to maximize the quality of coffee, with implications for price, profit and income (ODI, 2009). The conventional coffee value chain in Ethiopia involves a large number of intermediaries and is largely state-controlled. Licenses are required for every function in the market chain (Petit, 2007). The Ethiopian government issuing licenses for direct export has changed recently. The former system was exposed to rent seeking and political control and did not offer an inducement for quality. Coffee deliveries for export markets have adversely been affected by lack of price incentives to farmers, fluctuation of production supply due to climatic variations and unstable prices (ECX, 2009). According to the Ministry of Agriculture (2013), the Ethiopian coffee sector faces persistent challenges. The major ones include very low quality control, the deficiency of a strong coffee seed supply system, inadequate consideration to the input credit provision for efficiency and quality enhancement, and lack of strong vision and path in order to support the coffee sector. Limited use of enhanced technology; land degradation and population pressure; limited access to inputs such as fertilizer, seeds, credit and irrigation; and high costs of quality coffee production and processing are also mentioned as the major challenges of the coffee sector of the country (Taye, 2013). According to Jim and Ruth (2012), the challenges to the coffee sector in Ethiopia looked devastating. They pointed out the constraints as low and inconsistent coffee quality due to poor processing; regulation of export sales through a national auction that mixed coffees from different places into a single portion and forbidden cupping earlier to sales; coffee cooperatives were technically and institutionally weak; loan capitals for production, processing and marketing investments in were absent; and lack of international market demand understanding leads to focus on quantity rather than quality. Despite the challenges, there are several opportunities of the coffee sector in Ethiopia. The country has fertile soil, optimum temperatures, sufficient rainfall and suitable altitude for coffee production. It has diverse agro-ecology and climatic conditions, genetic biodiversity and sole distinctive characters of quality coffee. Fine specialty coffee can be produced and supplied sustainably, with producing potentially all the various types of coffee in world coffee cultivating origins. Ethiopia has an ordinary benefit in organic coffee markets as over 90% of coffee production is de facto organic (Mekuria et al. 2004). Moreover, Ethiopia is the only producer of natural forest coffee Arabica, providing scope for shade-grown coffees sale, for instance, through the certification of Rainforest Alliance. The government’s decision to allow cooperatives to directly export is significant because it opened a potentially new channel of value chain for export of coffee (USAID, 2010). Positive image of the country as origin of coffee and a strong indigenous coffee culture, well established coffee brand, prospective for expansion of volume and quality coffee due to existence of adequate land and low-cost labour, high commitment of government and favourable policy environment are among the major opportunities of the coffee sector in Ethiopia (Ministry of Trade, 2013). CHAPTER THREE MATERIALS AND METHODS This chapter presents a brief profile of Ethiopia, describes the study area, the type of data collected, sampling procedure followed and analytical methods used to analyze the data. 3.1. A Brief Profile of Ethiopia Ethiopia is among the countries that have a history of early civilization.It is the only African country never been colonized. It was previously known as Abyssinia. It is geographically located in the Horn of Africa, 3 and 14.8 latitude and 33 and 48 longitude. The country is bordered by Eritrea to the north, Kenya to the south, South Sudan and Sudan to the west and Djibouti and Somalia to the east. It is the second most populous country in Africa with over 91,195,675 (2012 est.) inhabitants. It covers an area of 1,104,300km2. Addis Ababa is the capital city, also known as â€Å"the political capital of Africa†. Ethiopia is a mountainous and landlocked country. It is situated at an altitude that ranges from 4620 meters above sea level at Ras Dashen in the Northern part of Ethiopia to 155 meters below sea level in the North east where the great Danakil depression is situated. The climate condition is hot in the lowlands and temperate in the highlands. Temperature ranges from 10oc to 30oc while rainfall ranges from 200mm to 2000 mm per year. Ethiopia is basically stated as the â€Å"water tower† of Eastern Africa for the reason that several (14 major) rivers that discharge off the high plateau, including Blue Nile river. The country has the highest water reserves in Africa, but it is not utilized through irrigation systems. It is only 1.5% used for irrigation and 1% for power production. Ethiopia is a multilingual and multi ethnic country in which around 86 ethnic groups are found. The majority of the population is Christian while a third of it is Muslim. The official language of Ethiopia is Amharic, even if English, Italian, French and Arabic are fairly spoken. Ethiopia uses a slightly modified form of the Julian calendar, which consists 12 equal months of 30 days each and a thirteenth month of five days (six days in a leap year). The Ethiopian calendar is eight years late with the Gregorian (Western) calendar from September 11 to December 31 and seven years in the rest of the year. Ethiopia is an independent republic functioning under the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) constitution. The President is head of state whereas the Prime Minister is the head of government. The country is divided into nine autonomous regional states and two special city administrations. The two cities administrations as well as the nine national regional states are further divided into 800 Woredas/districts and around 15,000 Kebeles (5,000 Urban and 10,000 Rural). Agriculture is the foundation of Ethiopia’s economy, responsible for 45.6% of GDP, 80% of employment, 80% of exports and 52% of exports for foreign exchange. Industry and services cover 13.4% and 41% of GDP respectively. Coffee, pulses, oil-seeds, hides and skins, khat, cut flowers, gold, meat, live animals and textile garments are major export items of the country. Rural Ethiopia contains about 84% of the country’s population. Banking, insurance and micro-credit industries in Ethiopia are regulated to domestic investors; however the country has attracted substantial foreign investment in leather, textiles, manufacturing and commercial agriculture. All the land is owned by the state which is state in the constitution. The government provides long-term leases to the tenants and distributes the land use certificates which help the tenants to have more recognizable rights to persistent possession and hence make more rigorous efforts to expand their leaseholds. According to the IMF report (2012), the growth of Ethiopian economy was one of the fastest in the world. The country registered over 10% economic growth for six years between 2004 and 2009.It was a non-oil-dependent economy in Africa with the fastest-growing rate in the years 2007 and 2008. However, thegrowth has slowed temperately to 7%in the year 2012 and is projected to be 6.5% in the near future.The country faces high inflation challenge and balance of payment difficulties. Inflation is projected to be at about 22 percent for the year 2011/12. The economy still faces a number of serious structural problems. The per capita income of the country is one of the lowest globally even if the GDP growth has remained high. There is low productivity of agriculture and frequent droughts which strictly affected the country. 3.2. Description of the Study Area: Mana District of Jimma Zone This study was conducted in Manna district of the Jimma administrative zone in the Oromia Regional State of Ethiopia. The area was selected on the grounds that these villages would provide a picture of the range of production and employment options available to households in a coffee producing area, with reasonably good links to the wider economy. They also needed to be accessible during the rainy season when the study was carried out. Oromia Regional State has 12 administrative zones and 180 woredas. It is the largest Regional State in Ethiopia in terms of population and area. It covers an area of 367,000 km2 (about 30% of the total area of the country) and a population of more than 26 million inhabitants (35%). From the total population, 88 percent lives in rural areas where the average household size is 5 persons and 35 percent lives below the absolute poverty line (CSA, 2008). Agriculture is the backbone of the economy of Oromia region. It is considered as fragmented and subsistence farming. The majority of the farmers depend on coffee. Farmers producing â€Å"Arabica† coffee in Oromia region are 424,309 and 95 percent of the production is done by small-scale farmers. From the total amount of marketed coffee that is produced in the region, 85 percent is sun dried or unwashed (IPMS, 2007). Jimma zone is one of the 12 administrative zones in Oromia Regional State. It is located in the Southwestern part of Ethiopia between 7 ° 13’ and 8 ° 56’ N latitude, and 35 ° 52’ and 37 ° 37’ E longitude. It has an area of approximately 19,300 Km ². Jimma town which is 335 Km southwest of Addis Ababa, is the capital and administrative center of the zone. Its population is around 2.4 million, of which approximately 5% lives in Jimma town. Crude population density is 106 persons per km2. There are approximately 644kms of all-weather roads and 447km of dry weather roads in the zone (CSA, 2008). The Altitude of Jimma zone varies from 880 to 3,340 meter above sea level. The topography includes dissected plateaus, mountains, plains, hills, gorges and valleys. There are many intermittent streams and perennial rivers. The zone is characterized by its humid tropical climate with heavy annual rainfall ranging from 1200 to 2400 mm per year, with a long rainy season from February/March to October/November. The temperature ranges from 25 to 30 °C with a minimum temperature of 7 °C. The agro-climatic divisions of the area are classified as Kolla (14.9% lowlands), Woinadega (64.4% mid highlands) and Dega (20.5% highlands). High forest, shrubs, woodland and man-made forests are found in the zone. Out of the 13 Woredas of the zone, only 7 focus on coffee production. Manna, Gomma, Limmu Seka and Limmu Chekrosa woredas are well-known as mainly coffee growing areas (Jimma Zone Agriculture, 2010). Manna Woreda is one of the 13 woredas of Jimma zone known for its predominant coffee cultivation. It is located between 7 °46.5 and 7 °51.5 in North while 36 °40 and 36 °42 in East and found in central parts of the zone. The woreda is located at 35 km west of Jimma town and about 6 km from Yebu town which is the woreda capital. The total area of the woreda is 480 km2 (48,000 ha) of which 12% is highland, 65% intermediate highland and 23% lowland. It lies between 1,470 and 2,610m altitude. It has an average annual rainfall of 1500 mm with mean average temperature of 19oc (ARDO, 2008). It occupies loamy soils with production of coffee, cereals and vegetables. Coffee accounts for 80% of the production. Distric Nitosols and Orthic Acrisols are the dominant soil types with slightly acidic PH, which is suitable for coffee production found in the woreda (ORG, 2003). Manna Woreda (district) is most densely populated district in Jimma zone with 308 persons per Km ². The total population of the woreda is estimated at 146,675 inhabitants (CSA, 2008). 89% of the district area is arable (with 86% under cultivation), 2.7% is grazing and 2.8% forest lands. The major cash crop commodities which are cultivated in the district include coffee, chat (Catha edulis), tropical and sub-tropical fruits (mango, avocado, papaya, banana, orange, pineapple) and spices (mainly ginger and Ethiopian cardamom). Among cereals, maize, teff, wheat, barley and sorghum are grown in the area; amongst of which, maize is the dominant cereal crop in the farming system. Livestock commodities include cattle, small ruminants (sheep and goat), apiculture, poultry and equines. Lady bird beetle, Stalk borer, ape, pig, warthog, and porcupine are major crop pests. Compared with other woredas in Jimma zone, Manna has a high population density, smaller size and relatively better access t o infrastructure and services (IPMS, 2007).

Saturday, July 20, 2019

Sociology Observation of Two Advertisements Essay -- Sociology Essays

This observation assignment has been very interesting, in that it has made me more aware of advertisements. The two that I chose are Gentleman's Quarterly (GQ) and Vogue, both from September 2014. The ads that I chose are a representative cross-section of the typical ads you would find in these magazines. We will start with Vogue. In Vogue #1, (an ad for Ruddenberry of London) there seems to be outdoor party of some sort going on. There is a man pouring tea with a fake smile. There's another male on seated on a horse, next to a younger female wearing a Mardi Gras mask. At the bottom is a young girl wearing the kind of wig that Thomas Jefferson wore. Most of the characters seem to be younger middle-age characters, and they would seem to be rather wealthy. I can't really make a guess at the occupations, but the guy pouring tea looks like a lawyer of some sort. They seem to have placed the one child character to the bottom of the page, perhaps indicative of the importance of children in this society portrayed. It's also intriguing to note that although we can see the full face of one and almost two more male characters, there are no women showed with their full face: either their head is turned, or their wearing a mask. It would seem that the men are the more important of the sexes in th is ad. This ad is meant to play towards the wealthier crowd, and it is probably meant to make one think of England. There are no other races portrayed in here except for Caucasian, so Ruddenberry is betting on the white crowd to buy their clothes. Vogue #2 (an ad for Kenar, once more a clothing company) portrays the "perfect" family from the 1950's. They all have fake smiles, and this picture of the model family is one ... ...e a musician and the rest of the character's occupations are not clearly defined. This ad is designed to make people feel uncool, so that they go out and buy this fragrance to feel cool. Jazz is very cool right now, and this ad shows that jazzy people wear this fragrance. The two characters in the foreground confused me. They don't seem to fit with the rest of the ad. From these six ads that I've selected, it's obvious that the two magazines I chose were primarily marketed for white consumers. Unless an ad is overly offensive or stereotypical, I don't think many people would get too upset looking at ads. The majority of my two magazines were ads, and most of those were one model standing there, looking beautiful. These ads were a little more interesting, and this observation will cause me to never look at magazine advertising the same again.

Friday, July 19, 2019

My Plan :: Personal Narrative Writing

My Plan "The progress of an artist is a continual self-sacrifice, a continual extinction of personality." ~ T.S. Eliot ~ Maps and life are two things I never really understood. Therefore, to map out my future life seems like even more of an enigma. I am more of a throw the map out the window, hope the truck doesn't break down and see where the road takes you kind of girl. However, I do know the general direction I am aiming for and a couple of stops I'd like to make along the way. So while the map of my upcoming life is not exactly drawn to scale, I can offer a rough draft of "spontaneously planned" sites and goals. The personal me wants to fly and to skydive. She wants to master the art of driving a manual vehicle uphill and then move on to motorcycles. By 2008 I will have seen my first opera and the original The Kiss painting by Gustav Klimt. And I will go to the art museums of every city I travel through and reside in. I will learn how to play the drums, regardless of the fact that I am a girl. I may also continue to sing, which, because I was a girl, became the childhood replacement for playing the drums. I learned how to coo, not pound, and I appreciate it but I still plan on pounding. I also hope to figure out my spiritual disturbance and become a consistent walker. Not only because I do not have a reliable vehicle but also because, why not? I'm young and healthy and people don't walk enough. I personally will revive walking. In terms of traveling I want to see it all. Not only because I believe that this will enhance my skills as a teacher but also because I know that this will always positively benefit my students. If I get to hear the bells that tolled for Hemingway I will have a better perspective on the literature and can cement the setting more strongly in students' minds, hopefully inspiring them to go see these places firsthand. In the United States, San Francisco, New Orleans, Savannah and New York City are at the top of my list. However, first I have my heart set on Italy, Spain and the Latin American countries. For clarification's sake I do not desire just to see these places but rather to live them.

Message of Hope in Eliots The Waste Land, Gerontion, and The Love Song

Message of Hope in Eliot's The Waste Land, Gerontion, and The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚        Ã‚   Thomas Stearns Eliot was not a revolutionary, yet he revolutionized the way the Western world writes and reads poetry. Some of his works were as imagist and incomprehensible as could be most of it in free verse, yet his concentration was always on the meaning of his language, and the lessons he wished to teach with them. Eliot consorted with modernist literary iconoclast Ezra Pound but was obsessed with the traditional works of Shakespeare and Dante. He was a man of his time yet was obsessed with the past. He was born in the United States, but later became a royal subject in England. In short, Eliot is as complete and total a contradiction as any artist of his time, as is evident in his poetry, drama, and criticism. But the prevailing of his contradictions involves two major themes in his poetry: history and faith. He was, in his life, a self-described "Anglo-Catholic," but was raised a Midwestern Unitarian in St. Louis. Eliot biographer Peter Ackroyd describes the religion of Eliot's ancestors as "a faith [that] reside[s] in the Church, the City, and the University since it is a faith primarily of social intent, and concerned with the nature of moral obligations within a society. It place[s] its trust in good works, in reverence for authority and the institutions of authority, in public service, in thrift, and in success" (18). It is through Eliot's insistence of these "moral obligations" that his didactic poetry gives us a glimpse of both his outwardly rejected faith and his inability to shun its tenets. He becomes, through his greatest poetry, a professor of that which he supposedly does not believe. Eliot's ... ...In "The Waste Land," Eliot delivers an indictment against the self-serving, irresponsibility of modern society, but not without giving us, particularly the youth a message of hope at the end of the Thames River. And in "Ash Wednesday," Eliot finally describes an example of the small, graceful images God gives us as oases in the Waste Land of modern culture. Eliot constantly refers back, in unconsciously, to his childhood responsibilities of the missionary in an unholy world. It is only through close, diligent reading of his poetry that we can come to understand his faithful message of hope. Works Cited Ackroyd, Peter. T.S. Eliot: A Life. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1984. Kenner, Hugh. T.S. Eliot: A Collection of Critical Essays. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice Hall, 1962. Tate, Allen. T.S. Eliot: The Man and His Work. New York: Delacorte Press, 1966.

Thursday, July 18, 2019

How Does the Story Encourage the Reader to Admire Scheherazade? Essay

The author in the story uses many linguistic devices such as metaphor, superlatives, similes and strong adjectives to encourage the reader to admire Scheherazade. The author uses superlatives to set up the story such as he describes Scheherazade’s beauty â€Å"Excelled that of any girl in the Kingdom of Persia. This gives the story a background of extreme power and amazing people; an exotic world with a powerful romantic appeal. Scheherazade’s character has described well in a sentence. Her description has been given in such a way that the readers are made to admire Scheherazade, like â€Å"her sister was clever and courageous in the highest degree†. This also gives the readers hope that she could be the one to stop the Sultan’s â€Å"barbarous practice†. Her beauty has been said to have â€Å"Excelled that of any girl in the Kingdom of Persia† which makes the readers think that she was the most sought woman in Persia. The author proves Scheherazade intelligence and cleverness to the readers when Scheherazade married the Sultan as she was determined to stop the â€Å"barbarous practice†. She tricked the Sultan by telling fascinating stories and letting the Sultan postpone the execution to continue Scheherazade’s fascinating story. The author’s use of adjectives in describing Scheherazade has helped him to make the readers believe in Scheherazade. Scheherazade has showed herself to be of high principles as she said â€Å"I am determined to stop this barbarous practice†. This shows how the readers admire Scheherazade. Submitted by:Submitted to: Terrence Jake S. SaulogTchr. Khaye Mendoza II – Goodness

Wednesday, July 17, 2019

Network Security And Its General Challenges Information Technology Essay

net warranter is by and large considered as giving protection for the organisation by maintaining far from the hackers. Information guarantor princip aloney focuses on protect the cultivations resource from malware onslaughts or simple errors which are d whizz by people in administration with advocate of DLP techniques.Information security means protect reading from the unauthorized substance abusers, the two footings teaching security and calculate tool security and information confidence which are oftentimes used otherwise. These every Fieldss which are unified and portion some common ends of protecting confidentiality, unity and handiness.Governments, corporations, military, infirmaries, fiscal establishments, and some tete-a-tete stage businesss. Huge sum of confidential information ab kayoed all their specific employees, merchandises, clients and research. altogether these information will be stash away with processed and shop computing machines and anyways can be transmitted across all other meshwork.protecting confidential information is really of minute in concern demand and in all instances an ethical and legal demand should be done.The lucre adventurer has thrall down to one and many security exposures and some of these exposures uniform spyware, computing machine viruses and adware are make possible by exploitable mistakes and bugs in the computer architecture of internet adventurer. The mistakes whitethorn be as Spyware which is installed in computing machines in which of import information will be copied without our cognizance and this sort of malware is really difficult to observe. Adware as good is one of malwares which is in the mannequin of advertizement on computing machine when you are downloading anything on the system.lastly Computer virus is one of the viruses which are created by computing machine itself.Software security is close to of import for consumers, sellers because aggressors that create onslaughts eve n may do reasonably big square effects and when all these onslaughts has been discovered so required package is sold for the consumers depending on the exposures.Decision As tonss of information functional at web services i.e. earthly concern Wide Web and these are prospering in supplying services to all the user with the aid of web security that provides all the benefits of utilizing a safe web entree and uninterrupted informations transmittal surrounded by both the terminal devices. Machine live on has been changed because of addition of internet population It figures out, all the relevant information sing the user at client side and hints out web sites accessed during the web session.

Tuesday, July 16, 2019

Retail food protection

Retail food protection

Protection of food is essential to ensure more food safety. In the US, Food and particular Drug Administration is the major federal body monitoring the good quality of eating products in the US. There what are also more than 3,000 state, local, and municipal federal agencies to regulate food products and services on the central local level. Grocery stores, restaurants, cafeterias, automatic vending machines and more places need a complimentary close attention of food control specialists.Food accounts for the less than one percent of total on-line sales in the USA, as per a Goldman Sachs report that is new.Kitchen closed shop for many of your requirements that how are gadget! Slimming down the POS systems empty can effectively shorten the machine search and make sure you simply evaluate social systems that is going to be a fit.Food preparation additional information ought to go from the kitchen.

public Catering may be used to pleasure passengers.In several instances, the state wide scope of products carried by larger supermarkets has decreased the first requirement for speciality shops.Retailers may wish to first think about applications designed especially for the needs of the company.Stores can throw better off enormous amounts of food.

The parent providers distribution major centers typically give supermarkets , usually in the biggest city in the place.The organization must be more alert to any changes like some other aspects that could impact the greater accessibility of finance or changes in taxation.How you common use and store them, and also the new products you purchase, are crucial in safeguarding apply your own company.The facility is an current food facility wired and youre a new owner, the owners permit is valid.

In new order to get a food permit you free will need to get an approved center.Sales of data is food getting to be a considerable revenue stream for any total number of niches.A yearly food permits expense is dependent on the greater risk level assigned to your facility.Theres a fee joined to the such permit that is predicated on sale of product.

Monday, July 15, 2019

Educating Rita-Characters Essay

briny characters Rita and postmark argon the but dickens characters whom we keep in line on stage, though new(prenominal) mickle atomic number 18 referred to by both(prenominal) of them. We try on nearly Denny, Ritas conserve, roughly Julia, he wile-to-hearts partner, and nigh Trish, Ritas flatmate, who attempts to pour down herself. exclusively it is Rita and click whom the listening gets to see best.Rita Rita is a working-class, twenty-six-year-old styler who has interpreted the vital cadence of enrolling on a publications fly the coop at the plain-spoken University. It has been a elusive finality as it re bribeation that she has to snitch outdoor(a) from the restrictions compel on her by her husband and by the connection in which she lives and works. Indeed, Ritas quality is a simple(a) atomic number 53 it is between showtime a family, which Denny wants, or asking. In decision making to study and pass forward more than(prenominal) enlighten ed and cultur all in ally aware, Rita changes her lifetime study completely. She gradually becomes draped by subtlety and writings. It is sole(prenominal) afterward her flatmate attempts suicide that she begins to authorise that art and literature cannot win all the answers. However, she decides to stay as a bookman and eventually passes her examination. heart-to-heart open is a university referee in position writings bill of fareh a drink problem. He has had wiz failed hymeneals and his pre displace kin wit Julia is not an open one. However, he does see to guard a snug bourgeoisie modus viv annihilatei and has achieved slightly electric razor success as a poet. His job, nevertheless, bores him and, in fact, by the end of the drama, he has been sent away to Australia by the university regime because of his sottish behaviour. Rita breezes into his life give care a schnorkel of tonic tonal pattern the degree of the play is the story of their crea te and ever-changing relationships both as teacher and bookman and on a more individualised level.